Container-forming machine



Mar. 3,1925.

' H. R. PHILLIPS CONTAINER FORMING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 29, 1924 Mar. 3, 1925.

y H. R. PHILLIPS CONTAINER FORMING MACHINE kFiled MaIOh 29, 1924 5 sheets-sheet :s

Mar. 3, 1925'. 1,528,073

H. R. PHILLlPS CONTAINER FORMING MACHINE Filed Maron 29, 1924 sheets-sheet 4 i. A :Galen or. '"1 al1/8 H. R. PHILLIPS CONTAINER FORMING MACHINE Filed Manon 29. 1924 Mar. 3, 1925.

v 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 i i f Patented Mar. 3, 1925` AUNITED STATES 1,528,073 PATEN'i" OFFICE.

HARLEY R. PHILLIPS, F OAK PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO MOJONNIER BROS. CO. A. CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

CONTAINER-FORMIN G MACH:IN1?.

applicati@ mea Maren 29, 1924. seriai No. 7o2,$14.

l ing ice cream, lit is common to employ an" outer container or carton of substantial material so that it will not collapse in service.,

and then line the same with a-container of lighter material, such as parchment paper,Av

' tion being particularly pointed out in the Which will be impervious to the contents.

The in n'er container when so used 'is commonly 'called a l1ner."

Although my invention is capable of general use in the forming of containers, I have .A

disclosed it herein as applied to the making R of these liners.

yOne object of the invention is to construct a. machine of the class mentioned which will produce a` container of simple construction 50 having smooth linterior- Walls so that when used for holding ice cream a neat brick will be produced. Another object is to produce a machine which will leave but a few hand operations to be performed during the mak ing of the container. By having a few hand operations the machine is materially simplified in construction. Another object is` to produce.. a machine which is durable and capable of efficient operation by' unskilled r 40 labor. l

In devising a machine tomeet these obV jects, I preferably employ a forming block and a cooperating channel into which. 'the block may be moved to shape the blank about the block to forlm three sides of the containeiz Treadle operated folding plates then come into play successively to fold the blank .at the end of the block to form the bottom of the container. A fen1 hand oper-v 50. ations com )plete the formation of the re maining si e of the ycontainery and putthe 'A same in readiness to receive the carton; This is slipped over the lining Acor'ita-iner wh'ile on the block. "A sleeve on the block i mlmvvefl .te turn the fla-ps upon the upper sidev of the S0.

liner and carton back upon theflatter The lined carton. is then withdrawn by hand from the block.

The various features of the invention include the block and channel, a clamp associated with the block and adaptedto engage the blank as the block enters the channel, the novel folding plates for forming the bottom of the container, the means for operating these plates in proper sequence, the mounting of the block and its actuating means, the sleeve upon the block for turning back the container and carton flaps, the

specific mounting of the foldingplat-es upon axes in the same plane, and other features which will more fully appear upon consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the scope of the inven- .1; Fig.- 3 is a. vertical section through the channel, the block, theclamping tongue and the adjacent parts of the machine, the plane of section being indicated by the line 3-7-3 ofvFig. l; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section illustrating articularly the means for operating the olding plates, the plane of section beingfindi'cated by. the line 4--4 of Fig. 2; Fig. `5 is a perspective view of a portion of the machine illustrating the forming block above the channel with a container blank upon the table as the parts appear at the beginning of operations; Fig.

6 is a similarview illustrating the positions "of the machine arts and the blank after the block has passe down into the chaneland the primary folding plate has been moved to its closed osition; Fig. 7 is' asimilar view illustrating the positions of the ,machine parts and the blank after the secondary folding plate hasbeen moved -to its closed position; Fig.v 8 is a similar Aview illustrating the parts and blank after the tertiary-folding late has been mved to its closed position; ig. 9 illustrates the machine parts in the same position as F ig.l 8,

but shows the blank folded down upon the as to forni the fourth side of the container; Fig. 10 is a similar view showing the block raised up out of thechannel and the surplus folds at the bottom of the container folded against its upper sidewall ready to receive the carton; Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the block with the carton slipped over the lining container while the latter remains upon the block; Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 11 showing the sleeve pushed forward upon the block so as to press the flaps of the liner and carton backward against the sides of the latter; Fig. 13 is an elevation of a portion of the front of, the machine illustrating particularly the folding plates and their mountings; Fig. 14 is a vertical section of the same, taken on a plane indicated by the line 14-14'of Fig. 13; and Fig. 15 is a horizontal section of the same, taken on a plane indicated by the line 15-15 of Fig. 14. Throughout these views like characters refer tol like parts.

Referring to the drawings in detail, 20 designates the top of the table upon which the various parts of the machine are mounted. rFhe table structure includes the legs 21, 22, 23, 24, the side members 25, 26, the end members 27,28, and a depending member 29. The legs and the depending inember may be variously connected 'by braces and cross bars, such as 30, to give the frame of the machine firmness and rigidity and to provide for the connection of the varous parts. The table top is provided with a central opening 32 which extends well toward the front of the table and provides space for thel location and operation of the forming block 33. The rear of the table is provided with leaves 34 and 35 which are secured to the table by hinges 36 and 37 and are adapted to beheld in open position by pivoted retaining bars 38 and 39, of `well known construction.

These leaves extend the table top 20 and thus provide additional storage space for the accommodation of the blanks from which the containers are to be manufactured. Obviously, the table and its parts may be composed of any suitable material, although wood in most instances would be preferable.

The forming block 33 is a composite elongated member which protrudes from lthe rear of the machine toward the forward edge'of the table. It is preferably constructed by joining four wooden strips, as clearly illustrated in Figs; 3 and 5, so as to leave an opening 40 extending throu Ah its center. The forward end of the mem er 33 1s given the shape which the container is to have. In the present embodiment I have provided fora rectangular container, and therefore the end of the member 33 is rectangular. The member 33 is pivoted at a point adjacent to the'rear edge of the table. For this purpose it is provided with trunwith a nut 52 at its upper end.

nions 41 and 42 which project from its opposite sides and pass through bea-ring openings in angle plates 43 and l44, respectively. The latter have their horizontal webs secured to the table top 2O by any suitable means, as the screws 45 and 46. The trunnions 41 and 42 are formed with bases 47 and 48, respectively, which are provided with screw holes so that they may be readily attached to the sides of the member 33 by wood screws, such as 48a. A bar 49 is secured at its forward end to themember 33 toward the rear end of the latter by any suitable means, as the screws 50, and extends rearwardly for a short distance where -it is connected to the upper end of the actuating rod 51 which passes through a hole in the end of the strip 49 and is provided rlhe lower end of the rod 51 is provided with an eye 51a. A pin 53 passing through the eye 51a pivotally secures the lower end of the rod 51 to the rear end of a treadle 54 which is provided with a step 55 at its forward end and is pivotally secured by a bolt 56 at an intermediate point to the bracket 57 which in turn is mounted upon the depending member 29 at its lower end. The upper end of the rod 51 passes freely through the opening in the bar 49 so that when the operator presses his foot upon the step 55 and thus forces the rod 51 upward, it readily passes through the hole in the bar 49 and allows the forming block 33 to move downward under the action of gravity. As clearly illustrated, the block 33 is so located that when it moves to its lowerrnost position its lower' surface is substantially at the level of the upper face of the top 2O.v When the operator removes his foot, from the step 55, the treadle 54 and the connected parts are restored to normal position by a coiled tension spring 58 which is secured at its lower end to the treadle 54 and at its upper end to the table member 26. The action of this spring lin drawing upward upon the forward end of the treadle 54 necessarily pulls upon the rod 54 so as to raise the forvward end of the forming member 33 into upper limits of the portions of the channel member 59, which form thev side walls of the channels, the channel member extendsI laterally and at or near its outer edges rests upon brackets 61 and 62 and is secured to these brackets by any suitable means, as the screws 63 and 64 respectively.

The brackets 61 and 62Y arehigher-at the,

forward edge of the table than they are toward the rear and, consequently, the flat upper faces of the channel member 59 are inclined downwardlyl and rearwardly. Gauge plates 65 and 66 are located upon the laterally extending'portions of the channel member 59, and upon these gauge plants-is placed the blank out of which the Jcontainen The laterally extending por-' is to be made. tions of the channel member 59 are apertured for the-reception of pins 67 and 68 extending downward from the gauge plates Sleeves 69 and 70 are secured to the channel member 59 be-.

65 and 66 respectively.

neath the apertures therein\and serve to provide a. substantial bearingfor the pns 67 and 68. The gauge members 65 and 66 are provided `with downwardly projecting portions which pass into vthe channel and form its side walls. When the gauge plates are in position, the forming block 33 fits be- -of the laterally extending wings of the channel member 59'iare. provided with downwardly extending peripheral flanges, such as 71 and 72.` The gauge plates are pro'- vided at their rear edges with gauges 73 and 74 which are secured in pla-ce by threaded bolts andL thumb nuts 75 and 76. Each gauge 73 and 74 is provided with'an uprghtlange and a lateral flange. The lat-A ter isA in each instance provided with slots and the adjusting boltsjpass through these slots to secure the gauges in proper posit-ion, and a lateral gauge 77 of like construction is positioned to the left of the gauge plate 65 and is similarly provided with slots and held in place by adjust`ng bolts and thumb nuts 78. The upright flanges-of the gauges 73, 74 and 77 determine the position of the blank which rests upon the flat Afaces of the gauge plates 65 and 66 and extend over the channel 79 formed by the channel member 59, all as clearly illustrated in Fig. 5, where the blank-.80 is :in

upo1 1 by the deseen As auxiliary to the gauge plates65 and 66, I provide at th'e right of the plate 66 a tray 81 which rests upon Athe `inclined bracket'62 and asimilar inclined bracket 82. This tray is secured to these brackets in any suitable way, as by the screws 64 and. 84. .The rear edge of the trayl 81 hasan upturned flange 85. yThis tray is provided for the purpose of holding a pile vof the -blanks which are to be used in the making of con, tainers. The downward and rearward inclination ofthe tray 81 is the sai as that position to be operated ing forming 'block 3 3.`

Aof the pla-tes 65 land Then desired, the

gauge plates 65 and 66 may be replaced by other gauge plates having dimensions suited to blanks of a different size. When this is done it is not necessary to change the tray 81, as the blanks must be picked up individually by the operator in shifting them from the tray to their pos'tion upon the .gauge plates 65 and 66. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the tray 8l .slightly overlaps the channel member 59 at the'point'where the two are securedlto the inclined bracket 62.

If'we assume that a'blank 80 is located upon the gauge plates 65 and 66, as indicated in F ig. 5,' then it will be clear that if the foperator steps upon the treadle 54, the

forming block 33 will descend upon the blank and pass down into the channel 79 and carry with it the blank 8O so as to bring the latter with its edges upstanding, as` .indicated in Fig. 6. This action of the forming member and channel upon the blank ob*- viously forms three sides of the container. a

The bottom of the container is formed by lthe three folding members 86, 87 and 88.. These are located at the forward end of the channel 79, being pivoted in the brackets 89 andy 90. These brackets are respectively secured to the verticalchannel'walls of the channel member 59, preferably by screw bolts and co-operating nuts91 and 92. The

primary folding member 86 is provided at its lower edge with trunnions 93 and 9 lwhich extend into openings in the brackets 89 and 90 respectively, said 'openings serving 'as practically coincident with the line of intersection of the bottom of the channel with a vertical plane perpendicular to the channel bearings for the trunnions. It will be noted a that the axis of rotation of the plate` 86 is.v

walls. The plate 86-is positioned so that it will properly cooperate with the end ot' the forming block 33 in pressing the adjacent portion' ofthe blank thereagainst. this action takes place, the blank assumes the position indicated in Fig. 6.- It will be noted that the plate 86 approximates the end of the block 33 in shape and area. For the purpose of operating the plate 86, it is pron vided with. a crank arm 95 to which is'con-o nectedthe forward end of a connecting rodi 96. .This rod extends rearwardly through an opening ,96a in the frame member 26 and at its -rear end passes freely through an openingin a reciprocating head 97 carried at the upper end of a'bar 98 which is pivotally mounted at its lower Vend upon the' bolt'56 secured to thebracket 57. VTo secure unitary act-ion between vthe bar 98 and the treadle 54, these parts are connected by .aA bar 99 which is secured at its opposite .ends

to said treadle and bar, respectively. It will' be seen that when the operator presses upon the step 55` of the treadle 54, thehea'd'g'atH the upper end of the bar 98 will be moved forward alonfr the rod 96. -'I`=his forward movement will initially` produce no effect upon the rod 96. As the head advances, however, it engages a washer 100 at the rear end of a coiled spring 101 and compresses the latter against a collar 102 adjustably fixed to the rod 96. Vhen this pressure becomes sufficient to overcome the resistance of the rod 96 and its connections, said rod will be moved forward and the primary folding. plate will be rocked from its open to its closed position to bring about the folding operation indicated in Fig. 6. When the pressure is removed from the treadle 54, then the head 97 will be restored to its rear position through the agency of the tension spring 58 acting upon the treadle. This movement of the head will relieve the pressure on the spring 101 and allow the folding plate 86 and its connections to be restored to normal position under the action of gravity.

The secondary folding plate 87 is provided with a downwardly projecting stem 103 which is provided with4 an apertured boss 104 at its lower end through which a vertical pivot pin 105 passes. A set screw 106 passing through the boss 104 firmly secures the foldiner plate to the pivot pin. The latter exten s through openings in the bracket 89 which serve as bearings'for it. It will be noted that the axis of the pivot pin 105 is coincident with the inner edge of the foldingr plate 87 which is practically coincident with the line of intersectionof the adjacent channel wall with the transverse vertical plane which includes the axis of the trunnions 93 and 94 of the primary folding plate 86. The secondary plate 87is normally held in', its open position by the action of a coiled sp-ring 107 which passes at its lower end through an aperture in the lower end of the pin 105 and at its upper end is secured to the bracket 89 by a screw 108. It will be seen that when the, set screw 106 is loose, the pin 105 may be turned totighten the spring 107 and thus provide any desired tension. lVhen the pin 105 is thus adjusted, the set screw 106 may be screwedA down, and then the spring will normally hold the stem 103 of the plate 87 against a fixed portion of, the structure in open position. In order to move the plate 87 to its closed position, itis provided with a crank arm 109 which is connected at its outer end to the forwardV end of a connecting rod 110. This rod, like the rod 96, extends rearwardly through openlng 96a and at its rear end through an lopening in the head 97 and is provided with an adjustable collar 111, a coiled spring 112 j and a washer 113, similar to the corresponding parts upon the rod 96. In this instance, however, the spring is shorter and, consequently, the head 97 does not by pressure upon the washer 113 compressjthe spring 112 sufficiently to actuate the rodA 110 until after the primary closing plate 86 has completed its closing movement. Then the rod 110 is pressed forward and rocks the plate 87 to its closed position. The effect upon the blank 8O is to fold a. portion of it against the plate 86 andbring the blank into the position illustrated in Fig. 7. Upon the return of the head 97 to its initial position under the action of the retractile spring 58, the plate 87 is moved to its open position through the instrumentality of its return spring 107. As clearly shown, the outline of the plate 87 is triangular.

The structure and mounting of the tertiary folding plate 88 are similar to the structure and mounting of the secondary plate 87. The plate 88 has a stem 114 which terminates at its lower end in a boss 115 through which the pivot pin 116 passes. The latter pin is, in this instance, journaled in bearings in the bracket 90 and is provided with a return spring 117 which is secured to the pin VVat its lower end by passing through a hole'therein, and to the bracket 90 at its upper end by means of` a screw 118. In this instance, the pin is secured to the boss115 by a set screw 119` similar to the set screw 106, associated with plate 87. The axis of the vertical pin 116 is coincident with the inner edgeof the plate 88, and the latter is practically at the line of intersection of the adjacent channel wall with the transverse vertical plane which includes the axis of the trunnions 93 and 94 of the folding plate 86. Thus we see that the three folding plates have axesof rotation whiclrlie in the same vertical plane, and that that plane is perpendicular to the walls and bottom of the channel. It will also be noted that this plane is parallel to and closely adjacent to the plane of the end of the block 33, when the latter is-in its lowerinost position in the channel 79. In this instance, the spring 117 normally holds the plate 88 in open position. It is moved to its closed position through the agency of a crank arm 120 connected at its outer end to the forwardvend of a connecting rod 121, which extends through the opening 96, and at its rear end through an opening in the actuating head 97. similarly' to the rods 96 and 110. The rod 121 is likewise provided with an adjustable collar 122. a coiled spring 123 and a washer 124, similarly arranged to the corresponding parts upon the associ- "ated rods. In this instanee. tlu` s )ring 123 is shorter than the spring 112 andfthe cross head does' not, through vthe washer 12-1.l

80 is to fold another portion (if-it to conilllfi lll() plete the bottom of the container, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 8. The return of the head 97, as before, ultimately frees the rod 121 and allows the return spring117 to bring the folding plate; 88 to its normal position.

`The rear ends of the rods 96, 110 and 121 are provided with collars 125, 126 and 127 so that the rods cannot be slipped through the openings in the head 97 either by reason of the quick return ofthe head to 'its normal position, or by the manipulation of the plates by hand without moving the head 97 forward. VThe collar upon-the rod -96 also limits the return movementof the head 97 and thereby determines the return movement of the treadle 54. The collar 125 is almost in contact with the forward edgev of the frame member 29 when the head 97 is in its normal position and, consequently, any blow delivered by the head upon its return would be taken up-by the collar 125 vand the member 29 against which it would strike. It

will also be noted that the downward movement of the step 55 upon Athe treadle 54 both releases the forming block to allow it to descendand moves the actuating head 97 forward. The springs 101, 112 and 123 l are located upon the .corresponding connecting rods so that the forming block will reach the bottom of the channel before or .at about the time the primary folding plate 86 begins to move. Then, as previously noted, the plate 86 completes its movement before the plate 87 begins to move and the latter completes its movement before the plate 88 begins to move. Obviously, the springs 101, 112and 123 may be variously positioned upon their rods by adjusting the collars 102, 111 and 122, by means of the set screws! shownl therein. It willbe apparent also that these springs might be more nearly equal lin length and yet operate satisfactorily by shifting the positions of the collars.v

When theblank and the parts of the inachine are in the position of Fig. 8, the operator must perform a few hand operations to complete the forming of the carton.

' These consist in first turning the left hand portion of the blank, as viewed in Fig. 8, down upon the top of the forming block 33. Following this, the '.right'hand portion of the blank is turned down upon the block so as to overlap the portion turned in from the left. nlThe upwardly. extending portions of the blank left by this operation are clearly indicated in Fig. 9. These must then be attened down so as to occupy the position shown in Fig. 10. This completes the formation of the container and it is ready to iieceive the .enclosing carton 128, shownin In order to firmly grasp the blank 80f at the time the forming block 33 descends-upon it7 I employ a clamping plate or tongue 129 whichy is secured at its rear end by a hinge tongues. The forward ends of these are 1 30 13G-to theiunder side of the member 33. The v forward end of the tongue-129 Vis provided with a flat portion in the form of a pla-te 131 which is of practically the same width as the vblock 33 and extends to a point adjacent 'to its foremost end. The Itongue 129 is aper-v tured at a point. adjacent to the hinge 130 and a bolt 132 passes through the aperture into the block' 33. A coiled spring 133 on the under side of the tongue bears betweenl the same and the head of the bolt 132 and tends to Aforce the tongue toward t e block I have shown it attached to the treadle 54 at a point where the latter does not have much movement. In operation, yas the block 33 moves downward the forward end. of the tongue will also move ldownward by reason of the movement of the treadle 54, but such movement is very slight and does not interfere with the tongue plate 131 firmly pressing the blank against the under side of the block33 as soon as `the latter has entered a j .little into the channel7 9. Ofcourse, if the llower endof the chain134 be attached to an immovable point of the frame, then the lclamping action would take place just as soon as the block 33 in its descent reached the blank. Upon the return of the block 33 to its .normal position,`the plate is freed from the adjacent side of the formed container as soon as it reaches its normalposition, since the chain 134 will then become taut. f

As soon as the container hasI been formed bv the manual operations previously men-- tioned, the treadle may be allowed to return to its normal position and the forming block 33 will then rise so as to bring the partsinto the position of Fig. 10. Because of theV way in which thc folding plates 86, 87 and 88 have formed the folds at the bottom of the carton, these folds readily slipv4 off .of the plates as the block 33 carries' the liner up,-

malns to turn the flaps of the liner and carlos 'ward When the member 33 with the lin- 4ing container upon it has been raised, then ton back upon the carton, as indicated in y Fig-12. This Vis accomplished by a. sleeve 135 located upon -the block 33 and adapted to be moved. forwardY tothe position of Fig. 12 to bring about this backward turn of the fiaps. The sleeve is slitted at its corners,

as lclearly illustrated, to provide four spring turned outward slightly so as 'to properly engage the flaps. The spring action of the tongues enables them to slip over the parts of the container and its liner without injuring them and yet with sufficient force to properly press them against the carton. The sleeve 135 is connected to the forward end of a bar 136 by means ofa transverse pin 137. -The'latter passes through slots 138 in opposite sides ofl the forming member 33 a-,nd is held in position by Cotter pins 139. The bar 136 engages the pin 137 within the interior chamber 40 of the member 33 and extends out through the rear end of said member and is there provided-with a plurality of holes 14() by which it may be connected to the upper end of a lever 141 which,

in turn, is connected to the bracket 57 by a pivot bolt 142 and extends forward terminating in a step 143. The upper end of the lever 141 is provided with a slot 144, and a transverse pin or bolt 145 passes through the slot 144 and one of the holes 140 in the rod 136. By this means a pin and slot con-- tainer is to hold but a pint. In such eases,

the containers have the same cross section, but the capacity is changed merely by varying the length. As illustrated in the drawing, the forward hole 140 is used, and therefore the sleeve 135 is positioned for use upon the larger size containers. In this connection it should be noted that the gauge plates and 66 employed for long containers would be replaced by similar gauge plates having their gauges 73 and74 a shorter distance from the front than in the case of the plates illustrated. It will also be noted that in the normal position of the sleeve 135, the ends ofthe blanks overlap the forward ends of the sleeve for a short distance. It will. also be Seen that the blank 80l has its rearward end slitted to form a plurality of flaps, a Hap for each side of the container except the fourrth side where two overlapping fiaps are necessary.

The lever 141 is restored to its normal position by a retractile spring 146 which is connectedl at its lower end to the lever 141 and at its upper end to a fixed portion of the frame, as the front member 26. The to and fro movement of the lever 141 is limited by a pinand slot connection with a bar 147 secured to the depending member 29 of the frame of the machine. The outer end the slot 148. l/Vhen the sleeve 131 is in its normal position, the npin 149 engages the outer end of the slot 148. When the lever 141 is actuated by the operator pressing upon -the step 143, then the forward movement of the sleeve 135 is limited by the pin 149 engaging the forward end of the slot 148.

It will be understood that in carrying out my invention, many illustrations .and modifications of -the structure herein disclosed may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. I therefore do not wish to be limited to t-he specific matter disclosed, but aim to cover all such illustrations and modifications by the terms of the appended claims.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A machine for forming a rectangular container out of a blank of flexible sheet material, comprising a table having vertical channel walls, a forming ,block pivotally lmounted upon the table and extending forward normally above and in line with the l 'channel between said ,wallsn a yielding clamping tongue pivoted to sald block and cooperating therewith `to clamp a blankv thereagainst -as the block is moved toward the channel, means whereby the blank may be positioned between said block and channel while the former is in normal position, and means for eHecting a downward movement of the forward end of said forming block to press the blank against the tongue to clamp the blank and then move the tongue and blank down between 4said channel walls to cause the latter to press the blanky against said form and thereby shape three sides of the container.

2. A machine for forming a rectangular container out. of a blankof flexible sheet material, comprisinga table having vertical mounted upon the table and extending for ward normally above and in line with the channel between said walls, a Jyielding clamping tongue extending beneath, the form and mounted to cooperate Ywith the latter in a Iblank-clamping action, means whereby the blank may be positioned between the block andtongue, primary, secondary and tertiary folding plates at the ends of said lchannel walls for folding portions of the blank against the end of the block to shape the end of the container,- meansfor eEecting a downward movement of said forming block to engage the blank and press it against the clamping tongueand then move the tongue and blank on down between the channel walls to cause the latter to press the blank against the block to form sides of the container, andmeans responsive to the operation of the aforesaid effecting means to sucthe blank farthest from said end being slitted to form closing flaps for the top of the container, and means movable along said block to bend saidflaps and the corresponding flaps of a carton slipped over said container while on said block, back against the sides of the carton.

4. In a ,container forming machine, a protruding rectangular forming block upon which a lining container and surrounding carton may be located with end flaps extending away from the end of the block and in -position to overlap each other, and means movable lengthwise of said block'to force said lining container flaps against said carton flaps and to bend the composite flaps back upon the sides of the carton.

` 5. In a container forming machine, a table having a channel in its top opening upward, a clamping tongue projecting intosaid channel and spring pressed upward, a rectangular forming block normallyat rest above said channel and tongue, means for holding said tongue normally at the elevation of the upper edge of said table, and means for moving said block downward into said channel carrying said tongue with it and upward out of said channel `and awayl from said tongue when the latter reaches its-normal position.

' 6. In a container forming machine, a table having a channel in its top opening upward, a protruding rectangular forming block pivoted at the/rear of the table and having its forward end normally at rest above said channel, a clamping tongue secured to the underside of Ysaid block and spring pressed upward toward the same, means for holding said tongue Anormally at the level of the table top away from said block, and means for rocking said block about its pivot to'move its free end downward into said channel carrying said tongue with it and upwardout of said channeland freeing itself from said tongue at the level of'the table top. A

7. A machine for forming a rectangular container out ofl a blank of flexible sheet material,-comprising arectangular forming block about which the blank is to be folded to form the container, means whereby the blank may be folded about sides of the block to form container sides, a primary bottom forming plate substantially coextensive in area with the end of said block and pivoted at one edge near the edge of the block end and operative to fold the center of the adjacent end of the blank against said block end, a secondary bottom forming plate of triangular outlinev pivoted at one edge near another edge of saidblock end and operative to press a fold of the blank against said primary plate, and a tertiary bottom forming plate of triangular outline pivoted vat its edge near a third edge o said block end and operative to press another fold of the blank against said primary plate, and means for operating said primary, secondary and tertiary plates in the order named.

8. A container forming machine including a table having vertical channel walls, a rectangular forming block normally lat rest in line with and above the channel between said walls, a clamping member beneath said block operative toclamp a blank against the block as the latter is moved toward the channel, means whereby the blank may be positioned between said block and channel while'the former is in normal position, a,plurality of folding members at the end of said channel, means for moving said block down to first clamp the sheet and then carry it between said channel walls to fold the blank about said block toform container walls, means responsive to said moving means to operate said folding members to form the end of the container, and means for restoring said block with the container thereonto its normal position, said 'block in said latter position extending upward "from the table at an angle for the rea'dy manual slipping of a carton over the container on the block. i

9. A container forming machine including a table having vertical channel walls terminating at the front edge of the table, a forming block pivotally mounted upon thel table rearward of said front edge and extending forward and normally above and in line with the channel between said walls and in position clear of the table so as to permit a carton to be readily normally placed upon or removed from'the end of the block, a clamping'member beneath said block for clamping a blank against the under side of said 'block as the latter moves down toward the channel, means whereby the blank may be positioned between said block and channel while the former is in normal position, a plurality of hinged foldinY membersat the forward end of the channel, means for causing said block to engage the blank and shape the'same about said block by passing the latter into the channel between vsaid walls, means responsive to said rocking their hinges in succession to fold the blank to form the end of the container, means for restoring^the block to its normal posi- "means to swing said folding members on A sleeve to perform said pressing operation.

10. A container forming machine including a table having a channel in its top open-p ing upward, a rectangular forming block normally at rest above said channel and movable into saidchannel and when in said channel having its end occupying a vertlcal plane transverse to said channel, a primary folding plate pivoted in the line. of intersection of a second vertical plane with the bottom of said channel, said second vertical plane being parallel and closely adjacent to said first mentioned plane, a secondary plate pivoted in the line of intersection of said second plane with one side wall of said channel, and a third folding plate pivoted in the line of intersection of said second plane with the other side wall of said channel.

11. In. a container forming machine, a table having a channeltherein, said channel being functionally integral with said table, `and a plurality of folding plates located at the end of said channel and operative to move from normal open positions to closed positions,'said plates when-in closed positions lying in a substantially vertical plane extending transversely of said channel.

12. In a container forming machine, a table having a channel therein,a primary folding plate pivoted at the intersection of a i transverse vertical plane and the bottom of said channel,I a secondary folding plate pivoted at the intersection of said plane and one side wall of said channel, and tertiary folding plate pivoted at the intersection of said plane and the other side wall of said channel.

13. In a container forming machine, a plurality of folding plates operative in succession upon the'folds of a blank, a common actuating head, crank arms and connecting rods between said head and plates, and yielding connections between said rods and head whereby the advance of said'lead causes successive actuationsof saidplates in a prescribed order.

14. In a container forming machine, a plurality of independently pivoted folding plates adapted to .operate in succession upon the folds 'of a blank, crank arms upon said plates respectively, an actuating head, connecting rods connected respectively at one end to said crank arms and at the other end passing through openings in said head, and means cooperating with said rods and head to cause the actuation of the latter to actuate said folding plates in succession in a given order.`

15. In a container forming machine, a plurality of independently pivoted folding plates.

plates adapted to operate in succession uponl the folds of a blank, crank arms upon said plates respectively, an actuating head, connecting rods connecting respectively at one end to said crank arms and at the other end passingy through openings in said head, and coil springs upon said rods connected thereto respectively only at their ends nearest said plates and positioned so as to bring their free ends different distances from said head in normal position, whereby the movement of said head from normal will engage said springs in succession and correspondingly operate the associated rods and folding WHA/container forming machineiincludmg a table having a channel therem, said channel being functionally integral with said table, a pivoted formingblock adapted to move into and out of said channel, folding plates for successive operation following the movement of said block into said channel, an actuating lever, a connection between said lever and block whereby said block moves into said channel upon the actuation ofl saidy lever, and connections between said lever and folding plates whereby the latter 'are operated in succession immediately following said movement of vthe block.

17. A container forming machine including a table having a channel therein, a forming block pivoted to said table and having a rearwardly extending arm and a forwardly extending portionwadapted to move into and out of said channel, a reciprocating sleeve on vsaid block toward its forward end, folding plates at the forward end of said channel for cooperation with said block, an actuating lever, a connection between said block and lever whereby the actuation of the latter causes the former to enter said channel, connections between said lever and folding plates whereby said plates are successively operated followingt 1e said entry of said block into said channel, and means for actuating said sleeve independently of said said lever.

18. In a container forming machine, a forwardly protruding forming block upon which a container may be positioned, a sleeve upon said block closely engaging the same and having forwardly and outwardly projecting yielding portions for engaging the container flaps to position them, said block having slots adjacent to said sleeve, an actuating lever, and a connection through said slots and the center of said block between said sleeve and lever whereby actuations of the lever .produce reciprocations of the sleeve.

A In testimony whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 26th day of March, A. D. 1924.

HARLEY R. PHILLIPS.

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